The process of Artificial Insemination

Here is some information that can be given to students after they have viewed the videos

There are different segments of this process. Some of the major parts are:

A.    Semen Collection: artificial insemination requires that semen be collected from the male. Semen may be collected via manual stimulation, or use of an artificial vagina. The technique used depends on the species from which the semen is being collected. Semen collection is generally improved if time is given for the male to become stimulated. After the semen is collected from the male, it is evaluated, slowly cooled and frozen at a temperature of –320°F (–196°C). Liquid nitrogen is used to obtain these extreme temperatures. Properly frozen and stored semen can remain viable and be used 30 to 40 years later.

B.     Detecting Estrus: in order to insure high conception rates, the artificial insemination technician must be able to detect when the female is in estrus or heat. Estrus signs vary between species. The best indication of estrus for most species is standing heat. Standing heat is the stage of estrus when a female stands when mounted by another animal. Many animals display extra mucus and redness in the vulva.

C. Insemination:

1. Pre-warm AI gun and make sure thaw bath is 95°F.

2. Check the breeding records to match the cow with semen she will be inseminated with.

3. Move one straw of semen from the liquid nitrogen tank to the thaw bath as quickly as possible.

4. Wipe all water from the straw; check the bull name on the straw.

5. Clip the crimped end either with scissors or a cito-cutter.

6. Place straw in a pre-warmed AI gun and place a sterile sheath over the gun & straw.

7. Initiate the insemination process by rectally palpating the cervix through the rectum and prepare it to receive the insemination gun.

8. Use a clean paper towel to wipe away any fecal material or mud from the external genitalia of the cow.

9. Place the AI gun into the vagina at a slight angle with the tip of the AI gun pointing upward to avoid the opening of the urethra.

10. Traverse the cervix with the AI gun and deposit the semen right at the tip of the cervical/uterine junction. Administer the semen for eight to 10 seconds with the insemination rod in the uterus. Stop the flow of semen from the unit and slowly remove the rod. Once the rod is clear of the vaginal cavity, clean the surrounding skin to prevent bacterial invasion.